1251

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title: "1251" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["1251"] topic_path: "general/1251" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1251" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::callout[type=note] 1251 ::

Year 1251 (MCCLI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• April – The first Shepherds' Crusade, a domestic French uprising in response to events in Egypt during the Seventh Crusade, occurs.
• May – English governor Simon de Montfort suppresses a revolt in Gascony.
• December 26 – King Alexander III of Scotland marries Margaret, daughter of King Henry III of England, precipitating a power struggle between the two monarchs.
• Andrew de Longjumeau, dispatched two years earlier by King Louis IX of France as an ambassador to the Mongols, meets the king in Palestine, with reports from the Mongols and Tartary; his mission is considered a failure.
• Mindaugas of Lithuania is baptized, in prelude to his crowning as King of Lithuania in 1253.
• Alexander Nevsky signs the first peace treaty between Kievan Rus' and Norway.
• King Conrad IV of Germany invades Italy, but fails to subdue the supporters of Pope Innocent IV.
• Ottokar II of Bohemia, later to become King of Bohemia, is elected Duke of Austria.
• The earliest known manuscript of The Proverbs of Alfred, a collection of sayings of England's Alfred the Great, is written.

Asia

• April 21 – City of Launggyet in Arakan (modern-day Burma) is founded according to some sources.
• July 1 – Möngke Khan is elected as the fourth great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
• The carving of the Tripitaka Koreana, a collection of Buddhist scriptures recorded on some 81,000 wooden blocks, is completed.

Births

• June 5 – Hōjō Tokimune, 8th regent of the Kamakura shogunate (d. 1284)
• September 2 – Francis of Fabriano, Italian writer (d. 1322)
• Adelaide, Countess of Auxerre, French countess (d. 1290)

Deaths

• January – Bohemund V of Antioch
• February 9 – Matthias II, Duke of Lorraine
• March 6 – Rose of Viterbo, Italian saint (b. 1235)
• March 31 – William of Modena, Bishop of Modena
• June 6 – William III of Dampierre, Count of Flanders
• date unknown
  • Winter 1251–52 – Eljigidei, Mongol commander of Persia, killed
  • Isobel of Huntingdon, Scots noblewoman (b. 1199)
  • Oghul Qaimish, 3rd regent of the Mongol Empire, following her husband's death

References

References

1. Dickson, Gary. (2015). "The Crusades to the Holy Land: The Essential Reference Guide: The Essential Reference Guide". ABC-CLIO.
2. Buc, Philippe. (2015). "Holy War, Martyrdom, and Terror: Christianity, Violence, and the West". University of Pennsylvania Press.
3. Weiler, Björn K. U.. (2006). "Henry III of England and the Staufen Empire, 1216-1272". Boydell & Brewer.
4. Toplis, William. (1814). "A Genealogical History of the English Sovereigns, from William I. to George III. inclusive, accompanied with A brief Statement of the principal Events in each Reign; Biographical notices of all the noble families connected with the royal houses; and illustrated by genealogical tables". Thomas Underwood.
5. Aigle, Denise. (2014). "The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History". BRILL.
6. Marshall, Robert. (1993). "Storm from the East: From Genghis Khan to Khubilai Khan". University of California Press.
7. (2015). "The Lithuanian Millennium: History, Art and Culture". Vilnius Academy of Arts Press.
8. Nansen, Fridtjof. (2014). "In Northern Mists: Arctic Exploration in Early Times". Cambridge University Press.
9. (2017). "Architectural Conservation and Restoration in Norway and Russia". Routledge.
10. Pavloskaya, Anna. (2011). "CultureShock! Russia: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette". Marshall Cavendish International Asia.
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13. Teich, Mikulas. (1998). "Bohemia in History". Cambridge University Press.
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15. Snodgrass, Mary Ellen. (2010). "Encyclopedia of the Literature of Empire". Infobase Publishing.
16. ''[[Rakhine Razawin Thit]]''.
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19. (2006). "The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism". Homa & Sekey Books.
20. Jong-myung, Kim. (2013). "Korea and Globalization: Politics, Economics and Culture". Routledge.
21. Perez, Louis G.. (2013). "Japan at War: An Encyclopedia". ABC-CLIO.
22. (2012). "Zen Sanctuary of Purple Robes: Japan's Tokeiji Convent Since 1285". State University of New York Press.
23. Calloway, Donald H.. (2016). "Champions of the Rosary: The History and Heroes of a Spiritual Weapon". Marian Press.
24. Saunier-Seïté, Alice. (1998). "Les Courtenay: Destin d'une illustre famille bourguignonne". éditions France-Empire.
25. Porteous, John. (1989). "A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe". University of Wisconsin Press.
26. (2005). "Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen". Sterling Publishing Company, Inc..
27. Wispelwey, Berend. (2008). "Biographical Index of the Middle Ages". Walter de Gruyter.
28. Pryds, Darleen. (2012). "Franciscans and Preaching: Every Miracle from the Beginning of the World Came about Through Words". BRILL.
29. Vauchez, Andri. (2005). "Sainthood in the Later Middle Ages". Cambridge University Press.
30. Fischer, Dr Mary. (2013). "The Chronicle of Prussia by Nicolaus von Jeroschin: A History of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia, 1190–1331". Ashgate Publishing, Ltd..
31. Brundage, James A.. (2016). "Crusading and Chronicle Writing on the Medieval Baltic Frontier: A Companion to the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia". Routledge.
32. Nicholas, Karen. (1993). "Queens, Regents and Potentates". Boydell & Brewer.
33. Nicholas, David M.. (2014). "Medieval Flanders". Routledge.
34. Korobeinikov, Dimitri. (2014). "Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century". Oxford University Press.
35. Baumer, Christoph. (2016). "The History of Central Asia: The Age of Islam and the Mongols". Bloomsbury Publishing.
36. Colcock, Charles Jones. (1959). "Family of Hay". Pelican Publishing.
37. Hamil, Donna. (2016). "The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia". ABC-CLIO.
38. Nicola, Bruno De. (2017). "Women in Mongol Iran: The Khatuns, 1206-1335". Edinburgh University Press.

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